Approximately nine years ago, a 4,000-year-old Harput relief was discovered by chance and is now on display at the Elazığ City Museum. This remarkable artifact provides valuable insights into ancient history.
Discovery of the Harput Relief
In 2016, during terracing work in the Nevruz forest area, located about 200-250 meters east of Harput Castle, the relief was accidentally uncovered about one meter beneath the ground. Known in archaeological literature as the “Harput Relief,” this artifact weighs around 4 tons and is crafted from local limestone using a low-relief technique.
Scenes Depicted on the Relief
The relief narrates a siege of a castle by the riverbank and the subsequent invasion. It features various military scenes, including:
- A wheeled siege tower in front of the walled castle
- Sappers working on the siege
- Soldiers climbing the walls with ladders
- Warriors engaged in battle
Intriguing Themes and Symbolism
Among the captivating themes of the relief are the captives emerging from the conquered castle and the acceptance of soldier prisoners into peace. One of the castle gates is adorned with a depiction of a winged, portal-clawed mythological goddess holding a child.
Harput Castle
Harput Castle was built in the 8th century BC by the Urartians. The castle features a rectangular plan and consists of two main sections: the inner castle and the outer walls. Its strategic location has allowed it to host many civilizations throughout history.
Historical Significance
The castle was used during the Roman and Byzantine periods. Later, it was repaired and strengthened during the Seljuk and Ottoman eras. Harput Castle served not only as a military structure but also as the administrative and religious center of the region. Within its walls, there were churches, mosques, and homes, showcasing its important role in the community.
Cultural Heritage
Harput Castle is considered a vital structure that illuminates the history of Anatolia. Its rich heritage and architectural significance make it a valuable site for historians and tourists alike.
Harput Castle is currently on the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List.
